Kodi n’chiyani chimapangitsa kuti choyezera chokha chigwire ntchito?

An choyezera chokha imagwira ntchito poyendetsa chinthu kudzera pa lamba woyezera pogwiritsa ntchito makina onyamulira katundu. Selo yonyamula katundu yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri imayesa kulemera kwa chinthucho chikuyenda. Wolamulira amayerekeza kulemera kumeneku ndi cholinga chomwe chakhazikitsidwa kale ndipo amayatsa chipangizo chokana kuti achotse zinthu zilizonse zosatsatira malamulo kuchokera pamzere wopanga.

Zindikirani:Malamulo monga NIST Handbook 133 amatsogolera kutsata malamulo a zomwe zili mkati. Ma Checkweighers amathandiza kutsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zalembedwa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwunikira. Ukadaulo uwu ndi wofunikira m'mafakitale ambiri, kuphatikizapo chakudya, zodzoladzola, ndi mankhwala, komwechoyezera kulemera kwa bokosi la mankhwala choyezera kulemera kwa mankhwala chokhachokhakumatsimikizira kulondola.

Msika wapadziko lonse wa zipangizozi ukukula mosalekeza.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri

• Zoyezera zokha Gwiritsani ntchito chonyamulira, sensa, chowongolera, ndi njira yokanira kuti muyese zinthu zomwe zikuyenda pamzere.
• Makinawa amayesa kulemera kwa chinthu chilichonse poyerekeza ndi cholinga chomwe chakhazikitsidwa. Amachotsa zinthu zopepuka kwambiri kapena zolemera kwambiri.
• Njirayi imathandiza makampani kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso kukwaniritsa zofunikira mwalamulo.

Zigawo Zazikulu za Choyezera Chokha

An choyezera chokha ndi dongosolo lapamwamba lopangidwa kuchokera ku zigawo zinayi zofunika zomwe zimagwira ntchito mogwirizana. Gawo lililonse limagwira ntchito yapadera paulendo wa chinthu kuchokera ku mzere waukulu wopangira mpaka komwe chimafika pomaliza, potsimikizira kulemera kwake. Kumvetsetsa zigawo zazikuluzi kumavumbula momwe makinawo amakwaniritsira liwiro lake komanso kulondola kwake.

Dongosolo la Conveyor: Ku Zogulitsa Zoyendera ndi Zamlengalenga

Dongosolo lotumizira katundu ndiye maziko enieni a choyezera kulemera kwa katundu. Limagwira ntchito ziwiri zofunika kwambiri: kunyamula zinthu ndikupanga malo oyenera pakati pawo kuti zilemere bwino. Dongosololi nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi malamba atatu: lamba wolowetsedwa, lamba woyezera kulemera kwa katundu, ndi lamba wolowetsedwa kunja kwa katundu. Lamba wolowetsedwa mkati amalamulira kutalika kwa zinthu kuti atsimikizire kuti chinthu chimodzi chokha chili pa lamba woyezera kulemera kwa katundu nthawi imodzi.

Liwiro la conveyor limakhudza mwachindunji kulondola. Zinthu zikayenda mwachangu, choyezera chimakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yoyezera. Nthawi yochepa iyi imawonjezera mwayi wolakwitsa chifukwa cha zinthu monga kugwedezeka kwa pansi pa fakitale. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kulondola kosalekeza. Makina apamwamba amathetsa vutoli ndi masensa ogwira ntchito bwino komanso ma algorithms oyesera anzeru.

Langizo:Pa malo omwe amafunika kutsukidwa pafupipafupi, monga chakudya ndi zomera zamankhwala, mafelemu onyamulira katundu nthawi zambiri amamangidwa ndi zipangizo zolimba.Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopangidwa ndi brushed 304ndi chisankho chodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kupirira njira zovuta zotsukira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonetsedwa ndi IP69 rating.

Makampani osiyanasiyana amafuna mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malamba onyamulira katundu kuti agwire bwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

• Ma Conveyor Aukhondo ndi Otsuka: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pazakudya ndi mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito malamba a waya osalala omwe amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kupirira kuyeretsa thupi mwamphamvu.
• Ma Conveyor a Lamba Wopendekera/Wotsika: Malamba awa ali ndi malo opindika kuti asunthire zinthu kumalo osiyanasiyana popanda kutsetsereka.
• Ma Conveyor a Lamba Wokhotakhota: Izi zimathandiza kunyamula zinthu mozungulira ngodya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zothandiza kwambiri poika malo ambiri pansi.
• Malamba Opangira Zinthu Zapadera: Ma application ena amafuna njira zapadera, monga ma vacuum lamba omwe amagwiritsa ntchito suction kuti agwire zinthu zopepuka m'malo mwake kapena ma lamba owunikira kumbuyo omwe amathandiza pakuwunika mawonekedwe a zinthu.

Sensor Yoyezera (Selo Yonyamula): Yoyezera Molondola

Selo yonyamula katundu ndiye mtima wa choyezera kulemera. Sensa yodziwika bwino iyi imayesa kulemera kwa chinthu chilichonse pamene ikudutsa pamwamba pa lamba woyezera kulemera. Mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya maselo onyamula katundu imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zoyezera zamakono: Kubwezeretsa Mphamvu ya Magnetic (EMFR) ndi choyezera mphamvu.

Maselo a EMFR amadziwika ndi kulondola kwawo kwapadera ndipo sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kugwedezeka kapena kusintha kwa kutentha. Maselo olemera a strain gauge amapereka njira yotsika mtengo, ndipo mitundu ina yogwira ntchito bwino imapeza kulondola kwa 0.01 g (10 mg) popanda mtengo wapamwamba wa ukadaulo wa EMFR.

Kusankha pakati pawo nthawi zambiri kumadalira kulondola kwa pulogalamuyo komanso zofunikira pa bajeti.

Zinthu zachilengedwe zingakhudze kwambiri kulondola kwa selo yonyamula katundu. Kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zikule kapena kufupika, zomwe zingasinthe kutulutsa kwa sensa ndikupangitsa kuti kuwerenga kukhale kolakwika. Momwemonso, kugwedezeka kuchokera ku makina apafupi kumayambitsa "phokoso" lamakina lomwe lingasokoneze kulondola kwa muyeso. Kukhazikitsa koyenera ndi ma algorithm apamwamba osefera ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti selo yonyamula katundu isalowe m'mavuto amenewa.

Woyang'anira: Ubongo wa Opaleshoni

Chowongolera, kapena Human-Machine Interface (HMI), ndi ubongo wa choyezera chokha. Chimagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha kulemera kuchokera ku selo yonyamula katundu, kuchiyerekeza ndi malire okhazikika a kulolera, ndikulamulira njira yokana.

Ma controller amakono ali ndi ma touchscreen akuluakulu komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito omwe amathandiza kuti ntchito ziyende bwino. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugwiritsa ntchito HMI kuti:

• Konzani zinthu zatsopano posankha zolemera zomwe mukufuna komanso malire ovomerezeka apamwamba ndi otsika.
• Onani deta yopangidwa nthawi yeniyeni, kuphatikizapo kulemera kwa chinthu chilichonse.
• Pezani malipoti atsatanetsatane a ziwerengero kuti muwunikenso bwino za kuwongolera khalidwe.

Chowongolerachi chilinso ndi malo amphamvu osungira deta. Chimatha kulemba deta yopangidwa m'njira monga CSV kuti chilowe mosavuta mu mapulogalamu a spreadsheet kapena PRN kuti chisindikizidwe mwachindunji. Deta iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti itsatidwe bwino komanso kuti itsatidwe. Owongolera ambiri amalumikizana bwino ndi machitidwe onse a fakitale monga Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) ndi Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Kulumikizana kumeneku, komwe nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito ma protocol monga Ethernet/IP kapena OPC-UA, kumalola kugawana deta nthawi yeniyeni ndikuwunika njira mu bizinesi yonse.

Njira Yokanira: Kusanja ndi Kuchotsa Zinthu

The njira yokanira ndiye gawo lomaliza pa ndondomekoyi. Woyang'anira akazindikira kuti chinthucho ndi cholemera pang'ono kapena cholemera kwambiri, amayatsa chipangizochi kuti achotse chinthucho chosatsatira malamulo kuchokera pamzere wopanga. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zinthu zomwe zikukwaniritsa zofunikira pa kulemera kokha ndizo zimapitirira mpaka gawo lotsatira.

Mtundu wa chokanira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chimadalira kulemera kwa chinthucho, mawonekedwe ake, komanso kufooka kwake. Machitidwe amakono okanira amatha kugwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo makina ena a air-jet amatha kukana mapaketi okwana 250 pamphindi.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya njira zokanira ndi iyi:

Mwa kusankha bwino zinthu, njira yokanira zinthu imamaliza kuzungulira kowongolera khalidwe, ndikutsimikizira kuti chinthu chilichonse chomwe chikuchoka pamzerewu chikukwaniritsa miyezo yofunikira.

Njira Yoyesera ndi Kusanja Gawo ndi Gawo

Zigawo zinayi zazikulu za choyezera chokha Kugwirira ntchito limodzi m'njira yolondola komanso yotsatizana. Dongosololi limaonetsetsa kuti chinthu chilichonse chikuyesedwa, kugawidwa m'magulu, ndikusanjidwa bwino m'masekondi ochepa. Gawo lililonse limamangidwa pa lomaliza, ndikupanga kuyenda kosasunthika kuchokera pamzere waukulu wopanga kupita kumalo omaliza opakira.

Gawo 1: Kuyika Malo ndi Kugawa kwa Zinthu

Njirayi imayambira pa conveyor yolowetsedwa. Lamba uyu amatenga zinthu kuchokera ku mzere waukulu wopangira ndikuzikonzekera kulemera. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikupanga mpata wokhazikika pakati pa chinthu chilichonse. Kutalikirana koyenera ndikofunikira chifukwa lamba woyezera zinthu amatha kuyeza chinthu chimodzi chokha nthawi imodzi. Conveyor yolowetsedwa nthawi zambiri imayenda pa liwiro losiyana ndi mzere waukulu kuti ikwaniritse kusiyana kumeneku.

Kutalikirana kosayenera kwa zinthu kumabweretsa mavuto akulu pakugwira ntchito komanso ndalama. Zinthu zikayandikana kwambiri, dongosololi silingathe kupeza kuwerenga kolondola.

• Zolakwika Zazinthu ZiwiriNgati mapaketi awiri ali pa lamba woyezera nthawi imodzi, makinawo sangawayese payokha. Amakana zinthu zonse ziwiri kuti ndi "zosayezedwa."
• Kuchuluka kwa KukanaZolakwika izi zimapangitsa kuti dongosololi likane zinthu zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zitayike mosafunikira.
• Zinyalala za ZinthuZinthu zozizira kapena zozizira zomwe zakanidwa molakwika zitha kuwonongeka ngati sizikonzedwanso nthawi yomweyo.
• Kulondola Kochepa kwa Kulemera: Ogwira ntchito ena amafulumizitsa chonyamulira kuti apewe zolakwika ziwiri za malonda. Izi zimapatsa sikelo nthawi yochepa yoyezera chinthu chilichonse, zomwe zimachepetsa kulondola konse.
• Kuchuluka kwa Kudzaza: Pofuna kuchepetsa kulondola, opanga amatha kudzaza mapaketi mopitirira muyeso kuti asagwere pansi pa kulemera kocheperako. Mphatso iyi yaulere imatha kuwonjezera zinyalala zokwana makilogalamu masauzande chaka chilichonse.

Gawo Lachiwiri: Kuyeza Kuyenda Pa Lamba Woyezera

Chikayikidwa pamalo oyenera, chinthucho chimapita pa lamba woyezera. Chonyamulirachi chimayikidwa mwachindunji pamwamba pa selo yonyamula katundu. Kwa kanthawi kochepa, chinthucho ndicho chokhacho chomwe chili pa sikelo, zomwe zimathandiza selo yonyamula katundu kuti igwire kulemera kwake. Izi zimatchedwa "in-motion" kapena "dynamic" weighing.

Kuti muyezo wolondola ukhale wolondola, kutalika kwa lamba woyezera uyenera kukhala wochepera nthawi 1.5 kuposa kutalika kwa chinthucho. Lamuloli limaonetsetsa kuti dongosololi lili ndi nthawi yokwanira yozindikira ndikuyeza chinthucho mokwanira lisanafike lina.

Malo omwe mafakitale nthawi zambiri amakhala odzaza ndi kugwedezeka kuchokera ku makina ena. "Phokoso" ili limatha kusokoneza selo lomvera katundu ndikuyambitsa kuwerenga kolakwika. Kuti athetse vutoli, ma checkweighers amagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms apamwamba oyesera digito kuti apeze chizindikiro chenicheni cha kulemera.

• Kusefa kwa Bandwidth Yosinthika imasintha makonda a fyuluta kutengera liwiro la chonyamulira kuti chikhale cholondola pansi pa mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.
• Zosefera za digito zambirimbiri fufuzani ndikuchotsa phokoso la nthawi ndi nthawi lomwe limachitika pafupipafupi inayake.
• A Kalman Filter Algorithm ya 1-D zimathandiza kuwerengera kulemera kwenikweni kwa zinthu zomwe zimayenda mwachangu bwino kuposa njira zosavuta zowerengera.
• Zosefera Zogwiritsa Ntchito Shaper (SBFs) Gwiritsani ntchito chitsanzo cha momwe selo yolemetsa imayankhira kuti muchotse kugwedezeka ndikukhazikitsa kuwerenga kwa kulemera mwachangu.

Gawo 3: Kukonza Deta ndi Kusankha Kupambana/Kulephera

Pamene selo yolemetsa imayesa kulemera, imatumiza chizindikiro chamagetsi kwa wolamulira. Wolamulirayo nthawi yomweyo amasintha chizindikirochi kukhala mtengo wolemera. Kenako amayerekeza mtengowu ndi malire a kulemera komwe wogwiritsa ntchito adakonza mu dongosololi. Kuyerekeza kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti munthu asankhe kulephera/kulephera.

Makina ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magulu atatu kuti asanthule zinthu. Ogwiritsa ntchito amaika malire awiri a kulemera, zomwe zimapanga magulu atatu osiyana.

• Gawo 1: Wosalemera kwambiri: Katundu aliyense wochepera malire otsika.
• Gawo Lachiwiri: Kulemera Koyenera: Katundu aliyense amene ali pakati pa malire otsika ndi apamwamba.
• Gawo 3: Kunenepa kwambiri: Katundu aliyense woposa malire apamwamba.

Kugawika kumeneku ndiye maziko a chisankho chopambana/kulephera. Zogulitsa zomwe zili m'dera la "kulemera koyenera" zokha ndi zomwe zimaloledwa kupambana. Kuti zitsimikizire kuti zisankhozi ndi zodalirika komanso zovomerezeka ndi malamulo, machitidwe olondola kwambiri amayesedwa mwamphamvu. Ayenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ya metrology monga OIML R51, yomwe imafotokoza zofunikira zaukadaulo pazida zoyezera zokha. Kutsatira malamulo kumaphatikizapo kuyesa makina ndi zolemera zovomerezeka kuti zitsimikizire kuti chitsanzo chake ndi cholakwika ndipo kusiyana kwa muyezo kuli mkati mwa zovomerezeka.

Gawo 4: Kukana Kokha ndi Kudyetsa Kokha

Gawo lomaliza limaphatikizapo kusankha zinthuzo kutengera chisankho cha wowongolera. Chogulitsacho chimasamuka kuchokera pa lamba woyezera kupita ku conveyor yotuluka. Ngati chinthucho chili mkati mwa mulingo woyenera kulemera, chimapitilira pansi pa mzere wopangira mpaka pamalo otsatira.

Ngati wowongolera atchula kuti chinthucho ndi cholemera pang'ono kapena cholemera kwambiri, chimatumiza chizindikiro ku makina okanira pamene chinthucho chikudutsa. Wokanayo amayatsa ndikuchotsa chinthucho chosatsatira malamulo pamzere, nthawi zambiri amachiyika mu chidebe china kapena chonyamulira. Njira yonseyi imachitika yokha popanda kuchepetsa kupanga.

Kusamalira zinthu zokanidwa kumafuna njira yotsimikizika yokhazikika kuti zitsatire malamulo ndikupewa zolakwika. Njira zokhazikika zamakampani zimaonetsetsa kuti zinthu zokanidwa zikusamalidwa bwino.

1. Kulemba ndi KusiyanitsaOgwira ntchito yoyang'anira khalidwe amalemba zinthu zomwe zakanidwa. Kenako zinthuzo zimasamutsidwira ku "chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zomwe zakanidwa" chotsekedwa, kuti zisasakanizidwe ndi zinthu zabwino.
2. Zolemba: "Lipoti Lokana" limapangidwa ndikutumizidwa ku dipatimenti yosungiramo katundu ndi yogula. Mndandanda wa zinthu zonse zokana umawonetsedwa m'chipinda chokana.
3. Chisankho cha Maganizo: Dipatimenti yogula zinthu imasankha ngati ibwezere zinthuzo kwa wogulitsa kapena kuziwononga.
4. Kubwerera kapena KuwonongekaNgati abwezedwa, nyumba yosungiramo katundu imatumiza zinthuzo kwa wogulitsa ndi mapepala oyenera. Ngati zawonongedwa, "Destruction Note" imadzazidwa ndikusainidwa ndi oyang'anira. Kenako zinthuzo zimawonongedwa pamaso pa ogwira ntchito yotsimikizira khalidwe ndi chitetezo.

Kuphatikiza kosalekeza kwa conveyor, load cell, controller, ndi rejector kumapangitsa kuti choyezera kulemera chizigwira ntchito yokha. Dongosololi limapereka kuwunika kulemera 100% nthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ogula azidalirana ndikuteteza mbiri ya kampani. Zochitika zamtsogolo monga kuphatikiza kwa AI ndi X-ray zikulonjeza kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kuwongolera khalidwe la opanga.