Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Ezivamile Ngezisivikelo Ezincane Zesikhwama

Izikali zokulinganisa isikhwama esincane zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi imikhiqizo inesisindo esifanele ezimbonini ezifana nokudla, imithi kanye nezimonyo. Ukunemba kwazo kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukuthobela imithetho kanye nenzuzo. Kodwa-ke, njengayo yonke imishini enembile, zingabhekana nezinkinga ezithinta ukusebenza. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezivamile kanye nezixazululo zazo kubalulekile ekugcineni umugqa wokukhiqiza osebenza kahle futhi onembile.

Ngezansi umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuxazulula izinkinga ezivamile Isikali Sokuhlola Isisindo Sesikhwama Esizenzakalelayo izinkinga:

Ukufundwa kwesisindo okungalungile noma okungaguquguquki

1. Izinkinga zokulinganisa
Ukulinganisa kokuqala okungalungile noma ukuzulazula kokulinganisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukusebenzisa isisindo sokuhlola esilula kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-50% wesisindo somkhiqizo esisindayo kakhulu) noma esisindayo kakhulu (esidlula umthamo weseli lomthwalo) kungabangela ukwehluleka kokulinganisa noma ukulimala.

Isixazululo: Linganisa i-akhawunti yakho Uhlelo Lokuhambisa Isisindo Se-Sachet Checkweigher sebenzisa njalo izisindo zokuhlola eziqinisekisiwe. Qiniseka ukuthi izisindo zokuhlola zifanele umthamo wesikali kanye nobubanzi besisindo somkhiqizo. Landela ngokucophelela izinqubo zokulinganisa ezinconywe ngumenzi, okuhlanganisa nokusetha ukulandelela okungu-zero kanye no-zero osebenzayo. Uma ukulinganisa kwehluleka ngokuphindaphindiwe noma kushelela, iseli lomthwalo lingase lonakale.

2. Izici zemvelo
Ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa, umswakama noma ukugeleza komoya (ukugeleza komoya) kungathinta kakhulu ukunemba kweseli yomthwalo.

Isixazululo: Gcina indawo ezungezile i-sachet checkweigher yesivinini esiphezulu izinzile. Qiniseka ukuthi indawo ayinazo izimbobo eziqondile ezivela ohlelweni lwe-HVAC noma amafasitela avulekile. Qapha izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama; ngokuvamile, umswakama kufanele ube phakathi kuka-30% no-85%, kodwa bheka imininingwane yomshini ukuze uthole amabanga afanele.

3. Ukudlidliza nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle:

Ukudlidliza okuvela emishinini eseduze, izindawo zokufaka ezingazinzile, noma ngisho nokuxhumana ngokomzimba neminye imishini kungabangela ukufundwa okungaguquki.

Isixazululo: Qiniseka ukuthi isikali esincane sephakheji ixhunywe esisekelweni esiqinile, esilinganayo, nesizinzile. Yihlukanise neminye imishini edlidlizayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Hlola noma yiziphi izindawo zokuxhumana ezibonakalayo phakathi Uhlelo Lokuhlola Isisindo Sesachet kanye nezinye izingxenye zomugqa.

4. Ukuma komkhiqizo kanye nokwethulwa kwawo

Amaphakethe awagxilile ku-conveyor, ayalingana, ayazinzile, noma anesisindo esingalingani (isb., athambekile).

Isixazululo: Lungisa iziqondiso zokuphakelayo kanye nesivinini sokuhambisa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izikhala ezihambisanayo kanye nokubekwa phakathi kwezikhwama epulatifomu yokulinganisa. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukugeleza komkhiqizo kubushelelezi nokuthi umkhiqizo uzinzile njengoba udlula esikalini. Uma izikhwama zivame ukunamathela, hlola ukugeleza kwezinto noma ukuvinjelwa okungenzeka.

5. Iseli lomthwalo elingcolile noma ipulatifomu yokukala:
Uthuli lomkhiqizo, imfucumfucu noma umswakama oqongelelwe esitokisini somthwalo noma ngaphansi kwepulatifomu yokukala kungathinta ukunemba kokufundwa.
Isixazululo: Landela inqubo yokuhlanza yansuku zonke eqinile. Ngaphambi kokuhlanza, vala umshini bese uwukhipha eplagini. Sula ngobumnene ipani lokulinganisa, indawo yokubonisa kanye nezindawo ezifinyeleleka kalula ngendwangu ethambile kanye nensipho ethambile. Gwema ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali anamandla noma amanzi amaningi.

6. Amabhande/amaketanga okuhambisa agugile noma onakele:
Ibhande lokuhambisa/uchungechunge lokuhudula elikhululekile, eleluliwe, eligugile noma elonakele lingabangela ukunyakaza komkhiqizo okungaguquki, okungaholela ezisindweni ezingafanele noma ekuminyaneni komkhiqizo.
Isixazululo: Hlola njalo amabhande okuhambisa kanye namaketanga ukuthi agugile, adabukile noma anwebekile. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukucindezeleka kufanele (hhayi kuqine kakhulu, hhayi kukhulu kakhulu). Shintsha izingxenye ezigugile ngokushesha. Hlanza amabhande okuhambisa njalo ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka komkhiqizo.

Inkinga yokwenqatshwa kwesikhwama
I isikhwama esincane sokuhlola isisindo sokuthutha ithola inkinga kodwa yehluleke ukwenqaba isikhwama, noma yenqaba isikhwama esihle.

1. Indlela yokwenqaba enephutha:
I-blower, ingalo yokusunduza noma enye indlela yokulahla ayisebenzi noma ayisebenzi kahle. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yenkinga yamandla, ukuvaleka komshini, noma inkinga yenzwa.
Isixazululo:
Hlola ukunikezwa kwamandla kumshini wokulahla.
Hlola ukuthi kukhona yini izithiyo ezibonakalayo ezivimba indlela yokulahla.
Hlola indlela yokwenqaba ngesandla usebenzisa iphaneli yokulawula.
Qinisekisa izilungiselelo zesikhathi nobude bokwenqatshwa.
Qiniseka ukuthi i-solenoid valve (yomshini womoya ovunguzayo) noma i-motor (yomshini wokucindezela) isebenza kahle.
2. Ukwehluleka kwe-Photoeye/sensor:
Inzwa (i-photoeye) esetshenziselwa ukuthola ubukhona, indawo, noma ukudlula kwesikhwama endaweni yokulinganisa ingcolile, ayiqondile kahle, noma inephutha.
Isixazululo:
Hlanza ilensi yesensa njalo ngendwangu ethambile.
Qiniseka ukuthi i-photoeye iqondene kahle.
Hlola ukusethwa kokuzwela kwenzwa kuphaneli yokulawula.
Uma ukuhlanza nokulungisa kungaxazululi inkinga, inzwa kungadingeka ishintshwe.
3. Izilungiselelo zesofthiwe noma zepharamitha:
Imikhawulo yesisindo (ephezulu/ephansi), imingcele yokwenqaba, noma amapharamitha wesikhathi abekwe ngendlela engafanele kusofthiwe.
Isixazululo: Hlola kabili wonke amapharamitha omkhiqizo ku-Human Machine Interface (HMI). Qiniseka ukuthi imikhawulo yokwenqatshwa ichazwe kahle ngesisindo sesikhwama esithile kanye nokubekezelelana okwamukelekayo. Hlola izilungiselelo zesikhathi sokwenqatshwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama sisesikhundleni esiqondile sokwenqatshwa lapho sisebenza.

Umshini ngeke uvule noma usebenze
I isikali sesikhwama esizenzakalelayo ayiphenduli nhlobo noma inezinkinga zamandla ngezikhathi ezithile.

1. Ukucima kukagesi: Intambo kagesi ekhululekile, i-fuse eqhumile, i-circuit breaker ekhubekile, noma inkinga ngohlelo lukagesi lwesikhungo (isb., ugesi oqhumile, umhlabathi ongazinzile).
Isixazululo:
Qinisekisa ukuthi isikali sokuhlola ukunemba okuphezulu ixhunywe kahle endaweni yokukhipha ugesi ephilayo.
Hlola ukuthi zonke izintambo zikagesi zixhumekile ziphephile.
Hlola ama-fuse ngaphakathi komshini bese ushintsha ama-fuse aqhumile ngama-fuse alinganiswe kahle.
Hlola ama-circuit breaker esikhungo.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kukagesi kufanele ukuze kusebenze kahle. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, xhumana nochwepheshe kagesi.

2. Inkinobho yokumisa ephuthumayo iyasebenza:
Inkinobho yokumisa okuphuthumayo icindezelwe, okuvimbela iyunithi ukuthi isebenze.
Isixazululo: Phendula noma donsa inkinobho yokumisa ephuthumayo ukuze uyiqalise kabusha.

Iphutha lesofthiwe noma umlayezo wephutha
I-HMI ibonisa ikhodi yephutha, imise, noma iziphatha ngendlela engafanele.

1. Iphutha Lesofthiwe noma Izilungiselelo Ezonakele
Iphutha lesofthiwe elingavamile, amafayela okucushwa onakele, noma amaphutha.
Isixazululo: Yenza ukusetha kabusha uhlelo noma uqalise kabusha i- isikali sokuhlola isivinini esiphezulu kanye nokunembaUma inkinga iqhubeka, cabanga ngokulayisha kabusha isofthiwe kusuka kukhophi eyisipele (uma ikhona) noma uxhumane nosekelo lobuchwepheshe ukuze uthole isibuyekezo/ufake kabusha isofthiwe.
2. Kukhethwe Imodeli Yomkhiqizo Engalungile
Umqhubi ukhethe iresiphi noma imodeli yomkhiqizo engalungile yokukhiqiza kwamanje.
Isixazululo: Qinisekisa ukuthi imodeli yomkhiqizo efanele (enazo zonke izilinganiso zesisindo kanye nezilungiselelo zesachet) ivuliwe ku-HMI.
3. Izinkinga zenethiwekhi noma zokuxhumana:
Uma isikali sokulinganisa umugqa wokukhiqiza wesachet uma ihlanganiswe ohlelweni lokulawula olukhulu (i-SCADA, i-MES), kungase kube namaphutha okuxhumana.
Isixazululo: Hlola ikhebula lenethiwekhi, ikheli le-IP, kanye nezilungiselelo zephrothokholi yokuxhumana. Uma inkinga ihilela ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, xhumana nochwepheshe we-IT noma we-automation.
4. Ukugcinwa okudingekayo kokuvimbela
Ukunakekelwa njalo kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela ukutheleleka okuvamile isikali sokuhlola isikhwama esizenzakalelayo ukwehluleka.


Ngokuqonda lezi zinselele ezivamile nokusebenzisa isu lokulungisa elisebenzayo, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama sokuhlola isisindo isebenza ngokunemba kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ivikela ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo futhi yenza umnikelo omuhle empumelelweni yomugqa wakho wokukhiqiza. Uma ungabaza, hlala ubheka incwadi yomsebenzisi ye-checkweigher yakho noma uxhumane nosekelo lobuchwepheshe lomkhiqizi.
Xhumana nathi